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Table 2 Summary of lipid-related pharmacogenetic studies by loci

From: Pharmacogenetics of lipid diseases

Gene locus

Clinical trial/population

Medication

Statistically significant gene-therapy interaction with biochemical (B) or clinical (C) outcomes

Reference

ABCA1

LCAS

FLUVA

Y (B)

[66]

ACE

LCAS

FLUVA

Y (C)

[75]

 

CARE

PRAVA

N

[76]

 

Canada

GEMF

Y (B)

[77]

APOA4

PLAC1

PRAVA

N

[35]

APOB

Finland

LOVA

N

[31]

 

Brazil

FLUVA

Y (B)

[67]

APOE

Japan

HRT

Y (B)

[45]

 

KORFPS

HRT

Y (B)

[46]

 

Japan

HRT

Y (B)

[47]

 

NMAPS

HRT

N

[48]

 

Canada

PROB

Y (B)

[28]

 

Netherlands (FH)

SIMVA

N

[29]

 

USA (FH)

LOVA

N

[30]

 

Finland

LOVA

N

[31]

 

Sweden (FH)

CHOLY/PRAVA

N

[32]

 

Japan

PRAVA

Y (B)

[33]

 

Canada

LOVA

Y (B)

[34]

 

PLAC1

PRAVA

Y (B)

[35]

 

USA

ATORVA

Y (B)

[36]

 

Japan

BEZA

Y (B)

[37]

 

4S

SIMVA

Y (C)

[38]

 

LCAS

FLUVA

Y (B)

[39]

 

Japan

PRAVA

Y (B)

[40]

 

Spain

ATORVA+BEZA

Y (B)

[41]

 

Canada

FENO

Y (B)

[42]

 

Spain

PRAVA

N

[43]

AT2R1

REGRESS

PRAVA

N

[101]

B1AR

WOSCOPS

PRAVA

N

[78]

CD14

LCAS

FLUVA

N

[79]

CETP

REGRESS

PRAVA

Y (C)

[21]

 

WOSCOPS

PRAVA

Y (C)

[23]

 

Japan

Statin

Y (B)

[24]

 

Korea

HRT

N

[102]

 

DALI

ATORVA

Y (B)

[25]

CYP2D6

Netherlands

SIMVA

Y (B)

[80]

 

Germany

SIMVA

N

[81]

ESR1

ERA

HRT

Y (B)

[68]

Factor XII

WOSCOPS

PRAVA

Y (C)

[82]

FGA

REGRESS

PRAVA

Y (C)

[83]

LIPC

FATS

LOVA/COLEP/NIA

Y (C)

[65]

 

Japan

HRT

N

[103]

IL-6

LCAS

FLUVA

N

[79]

 

WOSCOPS

PRAVA

Y (C)

[84]

LDLR

South Africa (FH)

SIMVA

Y (B)

[50]

 

Norway (FH)

LOVA

N

[51]

 

FHRT (UK)

SIMVA (+)

N

[52]

 

Japan (FH)

PRAVA+CHOLY

Y (B)

[53]

 

Canada (FH)

SIMVA

Y (B)

[54]

 

Netherlands (FH)

SIMVA

N

[55]

 

UK (FH)

SIMVA

Y (B)

[56]

 

Brazil (FH)

FLUVA

Y (B)

[57]

 

Spain (FH)

SIMVA

Y (B)

[58]

 

FH

SIMVA

Y (B)

[59]

 

Denmark (FH)

FLUVA

N

[60]

LPL

REGRESS

PRAVA

N

[69]

 

LCAS

FLUVA

Y* (B)

[70]

 

Canada

FENO

Y (B)

[42]

MMP3

REGRESS

PRAVA

Y (C)

[85]

PON1

Spain (FH)

SIMVA

N

[72]

 

LCAS

FLUVA

N

[73]

PPARA

Canada

GEMF

Y (B)

[71]

 

Canada

FENO

Y (B)

[42]

PPARG

Canada

Feno

N

[42]

TNFA

LCAS

FLUVA

N

[79]

  1. Studies/populations
  2. 4S: Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study; CARE: Cholesterol and Recurrent Events; DALI: Diabetes Atorvastatin Lipid Interaction; ERA: Estrogen Replacement and Atherosclerosis trial; FATS: Familial Atherosclerosis Treatment Study; FH: Familial Hypercholesterolaemia; FHRT: Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Regression Trial; KORFPS: Kuo-pio Osteoporosis Risk Factor and Prevention Study; LCAS: Lipoprotein and Coronary Atherosclerosis Study; NMAPS: New Mexico Aging Process Study; PLAC1 Pravastatin Limitation of Atherosclerosis in Coronary Arteries Study-1; REGRESS: Regression Growth Evaluation Statin Study; WOSCOPS: West Of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study.
  3. Medications
  4. ATORVA: atorvastatin; BEZA: bezafibrate; CHOLY: cholestyramine; COLEP: colestipol; FENO: fenofibrate; FLUVA: fluvastatin; GEMF: gemfibrozil; HRT: hormone replacement therapy; LOVA: lovastatin; NIA: niacin; PRAVA: pravastatin; PROB: probucol; SIMVA: simvastatin.
  5. Genes
  6. ABCA1: ATP-binding cassette, subfamily A, member 1; ACE: angiotensin I-converting enzyme; APOB: apolipoprotein B; APOE: apolipoprotein E; APOA4: apolipoprotein A-IV; AT2R1: angiotensin II receptor, vascular type 1; B1AR: beta-1-adrenergic receptor; CD14: monocyte differentiation antigen CD14; CETP: cholesteryl ester transfer protein; CYP2D6: cytochrome P450, subfamily IID; ESR1: estrogen receptor 1; Factor XII: coagulation factor XII; FGA: fibrinogen, A alpha polypeptide; IL6: interleukin 6; LDLR: low-density lipoprotein receptor; LIPC: lipase, hepatic; LPL: lipoprotein lipase; MMP3: matrix metalloproteinase 3; PON1: paraoxonase 1; PPARA: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha; PPARG: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma; TNFA: tumour necrosis factor, alpha.
  7. *borderline significance (P ≈ 0:05):