Figure S4

Geographical coverage of hierarchical genetic subgroups detected in Europe, the Middle East and Pakistan. (a) The initial partition defined by structure assembled this strongly diverse cluster. Subsequent rounds of decomposition produced subclusters with samples coming from common, geographically sensible origins. (b) Although overlap is seen across Middle Eastern populations, subclustering produced severally lineage-exclusive clusters: Bedouin (S4A-6), Palestinian (S4B-1) and Druze (S4A-4). (c) Subclustering of European samples initially indicated a north-south division where Orcadian and Russian (S4C-1) and Sardinian and Basque (6C-2) populations were associated, with various levels of supplementation from other European populations. (d) These associations were later dissolved when Orcadian (6D-1) and Russian (6D-2) samples anchored their own clusters. (e) Basques (S4E-1) and Sardinians (S4E-2) also divided to form their own anchored subclusters. (f) Densely sampled Pakistan produced two clusters where the Brahui (S4F-2), Burusho and Hazara (S4F-3) were uniformly classified. Clinal membership in the K = 3 clusters was observed in the remainder of the sampled populations. (g - i) Subdivision of these clusters resulted in mixed membership for most Pakistani populations, but the Brahui (S4G-1), Hazara (S4I-1) and Burusho (S4I-2) essentially maintained their homogeneity in cluster affiliation.