Itoyama S, 2004
|
SARS
|
VIE
|
Hypoxemia
|
44
|
44
|
n/a
|
#
|
ACE
|
I/D (rs4646994)
|
D
|
3.04
|
1.12–8.25
|
0.029
| | |
22 severe vs 22 non-severe cases
|
No association with disease
|
[30]
|
Kuo CL, 2020
|
COVID-19
|
EUR
|
COVID-19 positivity status
|
323570
|
622
|
322948
|
General population as control
|
APOE
|
rs429358 + rs7412
|
ε4
|
2.31
|
1.71–3.35
|
<0.001
| |
m
|
Statistics from the whole cohort; strata available
|
Association with the ε4 homozygous genotype
|
[57]
|
Ng MW, 2007
|
SARS
|
CHI
|
Manifest disease
|
1073
|
495
|
578
| |
CCL5
|
rs2107538
|
G
|
2.8
|
2.11–3.71
|
<0001
|
c
|
m
|
Allele-associated OR reported
|
Association with disease
|
[44]
|
Ng MW, 2007
|
SARS
|
CHI
|
Severity (death)
|
495
|
495
|
n/a
| |
CCL5
|
rs2107538
|
G
|
2.1
|
1.30–3.39
|
0.002
|
c
|
m
|
57 deaths vs438 survivals; allele-associated OR reported
|
Association with death (57 deceased vs 438 survived patients)
|
[44]
|
Ng MW, 2007
|
SARS
|
CHI
|
Severity (ICU)
|
356
|
356
|
n/a
| |
CCL5
|
rs2107538
|
G
|
2.78
|
1.37–5.63
|
0.005
|
c
|
m
|
20 severe cases vs 336; allele-associated OR reported
|
Association with severity
|
[44]
|
Yuan FF, 2007
|
SARS
|
CHI
|
Manifest disease
|
152
|
152
|
n/a
|
§
|
CD14
|
159C/T (rs2569190)
|
C
|
n/r
|
n/r
|
0.027
| | |
26 severe cases vs 136 mild
|
CD14 associated with severity
|
[45]
|
Chan KYK, 2010
|
SARS
|
CHI
|
LDH level
|
681
|
681
|
n/a
|
$
|
CD209 (DC-SIGN)
|
-366AG, promoter region
|
G
|
0.4
|
0.19–0.85
|
0.014
| | |
LDH modelled as binary variable; univariate statistics reported
|
Association with lower LDH level
|
[51]
|
Chan VS, 2006
|
SARS
|
CHI
|
Manifest disease
|
1127
|
285
|
842
|
$
|
CLEC4M (L-SIGN)
|
exon 4 tandem repeat
|
homozigosity
|
0.691
|
0.523–0.913
|
0.009
| | |
.
|
Homozigosity associated with resistance to infection
|
[38]
|
Chan KYK, 2010
|
SARS
|
CHI
|
LDH level
|
677
|
677
|
n/a
|
$
|
combined CD209 and ICAM3
|
-366AG, promoter region + rs2304237
|
A; A
|
4.34
|
1.34–14.12
|
0.021
| | |
LDH level modelled as binary variable; univariate statistics reported
|
Association with higher LDH level
|
[51]
|
Yuan FF, 2005
|
SARS
|
CHI
|
Severity (ICU or death)
|
380
|
26
|
200
|
§
|
FcγRIIA
|
R131H (rs1801274)
|
R
|
3.2
|
1.1–9.1
|
0.03
| | |
26 patients vs controls
|
Nominal association with severity
|
[36]
|
Chen WJ, 2006
|
SARS
|
CHI
|
Positive NPS
|
188
|
94
|
94
|
0
|
FGL2
|
+158 (rs2075761)
|
A
|
4
|
1.39–11.48
|
0.031
| | |
GA genotype; outcome modelled as binary variable
|
Nominal association of NPS with 4 genes (IL1A, IL18, FGL2, RelB)
|
[41]
|
Chan KYK, 2007
|
SARS
|
CHI
|
LDH level
|
677
|
677
|
n/a
|
$
|
ICAM3
|
rs2304237
|
C (Gly)
|
4.31
|
1.37–13.56
|
0.0067
| | |
LDH modelled as binary variable; P corrected for 2 tests
|
ICAM3 associated with LDH level
|
[43]
|
Zhang Y, 2020
|
COVID-19
|
CHI
|
Disease severity
|
80
|
80
|
n/a
|
24 severe vs 56 mild
|
IFITM3
|
rs12252
|
C
|
6.37
|
n/r
|
<0.001
| | |
CC vs other genotypes; CI n/r
|
Association with severity
|
[59]
|
Chong WP, 2006
|
SARS
|
CHI
|
Manifest disease
|
925
|
476
|
449
| |
IFN-γ
|
rs2430561
|
A
|
5.19
|
2.78–9.68
|
<0.001
| |
m
|
Recessive model; multivariate LR n/r
|
Association with one SNP
|
[39]
|
Chen WJ, 2006
|
SARS
|
CHI
|
Positive NPS
|
188
|
94
|
94
| |
IL18
|
-607 (rs1946518)
|
T
|
10.6
|
2.03–55.0
|
0.014
| | |
Outcome modelled as binary variable
|
Nominal association of NPS with 4 genes (IL1A, IL18, FGL2, RelB)
|
[41]
|
Chen WJ, 2006
|
SARS
|
CHI
|
Positive NPS
|
188
|
94
|
94
| |
IL1A
|
−889 (rs1800587)
|
T
|
10.2
|
1.82–56.8
|
0.008
| | |
Outcome modelled as binary variable
|
Nominal association of NPS with 4 genes (IL1A, IL18, FGL2, RelB)
|
[41]
|
Ip WK, 2005
|
SARS
|
CHI
|
Manifest disease
|
1541
|
353
|
1188
| |
MBL
|
−221X/Y (rs7096206); ex1 54A/B (rs1800450)
|
YB
|
1.55
|
1.21–1.99
|
<0.001
| |
m
|
Statistics n/r
|
Association of YB haplotype with disease
|
[34]
|
Ip WK, 2005
|
SARS
|
CHI
|
Serum MBL level
|
353
|
353
|
n/a
| |
MBL
|
−221X/Y (rs7096206); ex1 54A/B (rs1800450)
|
YB
|
n/r
|
n/r
|
n/r
| |
m
|
Statistics n/r
|
Association of YB haplotype with low serum MBL level
|
[34]
|
Zhang H, 2005
|
SARS
|
CHI
|
Manifest disease
|
744
|
352
|
392
| |
MBL
|
230[codon 54]A/B (rs1800450)
|
B
|
1.73
|
1.25–2.39
|
0.00086
|
c
| | |
Association of B allele with disease
|
[37]
|
Zhang H, 2005
|
SARS
|
CHI
|
Serum MBL level
|
744
|
352
|
392
| |
MBL
|
230[codon 54]A/B (rs1800450)
|
B
|
1.67
|
1.21–2.29
|
0.00187
|
c
| | |
Association of B allele with MBL level
|
[37]
|
Hamano E, 2005
|
SARS
|
VIE
|
Severity (oxygen therapy)
|
44
|
44
|
n/a
| |
MxA
|
rs2071430 − 88)
|
G
|
3.75
|
1.08–10.7
|
0.0346
| | | |
Association with severity
|
[33]
|
He J, 2006
|
SARS
|
CHI
|
Manifest disease
|
66
|
66
|
64
|
Cohort assessed for risk factors
|
MxA
|
rs2071430
|
T
|
3.22
|
1.13–9.18
|
0.029
| |
m
| |
Association with AG genotype, dominant G protective
|
[40]
|
Ching JCY, 2010
|
SARS
|
CHI
|
Manifest disease
|
1210
|
792
|
418
|
$
|
MxA
|
rs17000900 (−123)
|
A
|
0.58
|
0.41–0.82
|
0.002
|
c
|
m
| |
Association with resistance to infection
|
[52]
|
Hamano E, 2005
|
SARS
|
VIE
|
Severity (oxygen therapy)
|
44
|
44
|
n/a
|
0
|
OAS-1
|
rs3741981
|
G
|
2.68
|
1.17–6.15
|
0.0178
| | | |
Association with disease
|
[33]
|
He J, 2006
|
SARS
|
CHI
|
Manifest disease
|
66
|
66
|
64
|
Cohort assessed for risk factors
|
OAS-1
|
rs2660
|
G
|
0.38
|
0.14–0.98
|
0.047
| |
m
| |
Association with GT genotype, dominant T
|
[40]
|
Chen WJ, 2006
|
SARS
|
CHI
|
Positive NPS
|
188
|
94
|
94
| |
RelB
|
+23692 (rs2288918)
|
T
|
7.2
|
1.47–35.3
|
0.034
| | | |
Nominal association of NPS with 4 genes (IL1A, IL18, FGL2, RelB)
|
[41]
|
Wang S, 2008
|
SARS
|
CHI
|
Manifest disease
|
54
|
54
|
n/a
| |
TNF-α
|
−1031
|
C
|
6
|
1.60–22.55
|
0.04
| | |
24 severe cases vs 30 mild
|
Nominal association with femoral head necrosis
|
[47]
|
Wang S, 2008
|
SARS
|
CHI
|
Manifest disease
|
54
|
54
|
n/a
| |
TNF-α
|
−863
|
A
|
8.4
|
1.76–40.02
|
0.01
| | |
24 severe cases vs 30 mild
|
Nominal association with femoral head necrosis
|
[47]
|
Chen YM, 2006
|
SARS
|
CHI
|
Seropositivity
|
100
|
20
|
80
| |
HLA-Cw,
| |
Cw0801
|
3.4
|
1.50–7.58
|
0.003
|
c
| |
Number of tests not shown
|
Association found in recessive model
|
[42]
|
Lin M, 2003
|
SARS
|
n/r
|
Manifest disease
|
134
|
33
|
101
| |
HLA-B
| |
B*4601
|
10.62
|
2.80–40.26
|
0.0279
|
c
| |
6 severe cases vs 101 health care workers
|
Association with both infection and severity
|
[28]
|
Ng MHL, 2004
|
SARS
|
CHI
|
Manifest disease
|
18864
|
90
|
18774
| |
HLA-B
| |
B*0301
|
0.06
|
0.01–0.47
|
0.0042
|
c
| |
.
|
Association with resistance to infection
|
[31]
|
Ng MHL, 2004
|
SARS
|
CHI
|
Manifest disease
|
18864
|
90
|
18774
| |
HLA-B
| |
B*0703
|
4.08
|
2.03–8.18
|
0.0022
|
c
| |
.
|
Association with infection
|
[31]
|
Wang W, 2020
|
COVID-19
|
CHI
|
Manifest disease
|
3630
|
82
|
3548
| |
HLA-B
| |
B*15:27
|
3.59
|
1.72–7.50
|
0.03
|
c
| | |
Association with infection
|
[58]
|
Wang W, 2020
|
COVID-19
|
CHI
|
Manifest disease
|
3630
|
82
|
3548
| |
HLA-C
| |
C*07:29
|
130.2
|
5.28–3211
|
0.025
|
c
| | |
Association with infection
|
[58]
|
Wang SF, 2011
|
SARS
|
n/r
|
Manifest disease
|
97
|
56
|
41
| |
HLA-Cw
| |
Cw 1502
|
0.17
|
0.04–0.81
|
0.01
| | |
.
|
Association with resistance to infection
|
[54]
|
Hajeer AH, 2016
|
MERS
|
SAU
|
Manifest disease
|
184
|
23
|
161
| |
HLA-DRB1
| |
DRB1*11:01
|
6.11
|
1.36–24.76
|
0.022
|
c
| |
.
|
Association with the disease
|
[56]
|