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Table 1 Marginal odds ratios (ORs) for the association of each gene with disease under various choices of reaction rates or intermediate metabolite concentrations as the causal risk factor (ORs are expressed relative to the low enzyme activity rate genotype)

From: Use of pathway information in molecular epidemiology

Genes

Simulated causal intermediate variable (β = 2 per SD)

 

Homocysteine concentration

Pyrimidine synthesis (TS)

Purine synthesis (AICART)

DNA methylation (DNMT)

1. DHFR

1.012

0.963

0.978

0.988

2. TS

0.910***

0.437***

1.129***

1.103***

3. MTD

0.753***

2.451***

0.540***

1.659***

4. MTCH

0.793***

1.805***

0.532***

1.372***

5. PGT

1.059

0.863**

0.200***

0.950

6. AICART

1.044

0.989

0.972

0.963

7. FTD

0.969

1.009

0.713***

1.077*

8. FTS

1.048

0.899***

1.709***

0.957

9. SHMT

1.256***

0.558***

0.592***

0.639***

10. MTHFR

1.298***

1.073*

1.153***

0.573***

11. MS

1.197***

0.790***

0.736***

0.815***

12. SAHH

0.428***

1.097**

1.108**

0.564***

13. CBS

2.753***

1.073*

1.028

0.925*

14. MAT-II

0.998

1.013

1.014

0.999

Exposures

1. Intracellular folate

0.790***

1.783***

1.961***

1.543***

2. Methionine intake

3.819***

1.226***

1.112**

1.342***

  1. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001
  2. AICART, aminoimidazolecarboxamide ribonucleotide transferase; CBS, cystathionine b-synthase; DHFR, dihydrofolate reductase; FTD, 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase; FTS, 10-formyltetrahydrofolate synthase; MAT, methionine adenosyl transferase; MS, methionine synthase; MTCH, 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate cyclohydrolase; MTD, 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase; MTHFR, 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase; PGT, phosphoribosyl glycinamide transferase; SAHH, S-adenosyl-homocysteine hydrolase; SHMT, serine hydroxymethyltransferase; TS, thymidylate synthase.
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Human Genomics

ISSN: 1479-7364