Table 3 Mitochondrial DNA mutations and haplotypes associated with late-onset AD
From: Maternal transmission of Alzheimer's disease: Prodromal metabolic phenotype and the search for genes
Approach | Finding | Positive findings | Negative findings |
|---|---|---|---|
Case-control mutation identification | T146G, T195C, T152C, A189G, T414G | Increased AD risk [121] | No mutation found [122] |
| Â | 4977 bp deletion | More frequent in AD patients [123] | Â |
| Â | A4336G | More frequent in | No association with AD [126] |
Haplogroup association | K, U | Decreased risk of AD, neutralising the effect of ApoE genotype [127] | No effect of K haplogroup in AD [128] |
| Â | U | Increased risk in males, decreased risk in females [128] | Â |
| Â | J | Increased in AD patients in a French-Canadian population [129] | No AD haplogroup association in US population [122] |
| Â | T | Decreased AD risk in a French- Canadian population [129] | No AD haplogroup association in US population [122] |