Fig. 3
From: ACE2 Nascence, trafficking, and SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis: the saga continues
ACE2 synthesis, trafficking, proteolysis, and internalization. a Synthesis of ACE2 protein and its translocation to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) through Golgi apparatus towards the plasma membrane via transport vesicles. Red stars correspond to post-translational modifications. b Truncation of ACE2 by ADAM17 and the release of soluble ACE2 (sACE2) into the extracellular environment. c Internalization of ACE2 in response to increased angiotensin II (Ang II) via ubiquitylation of ACE2 and interaction with angiotensin type I receptor (AT1R). The latter complex is endocytosed where ACE2 is degraded by the lysosome and AT1R is recycled and transported back to the membrane. d ACE2 internalization in response to SARS-CoV-2 binding via clathrin-mediated endocytosis. ACE2 is recycled and transported to the membrane and SARS-CoV-2 is replicated inside the host cell