Fig. 4

ARE-containing mRNAs are especially upregulated in blood cells of SARS-CoV-2 patients with influenza and mild COVID-19 symptoms. A upper panel, fractions of ARE-containing mRNAs within the overexpressed and under-expressed groups of mRNAs in blood cells of influenza A and B infected clinical samples. Significance of the difference in population proportion depicted as ****(P < 0.0001). Lower panel, Log2 Fold Change of ARE- and non-ARE mRNA levels in infected versus healthy samples are displayed. Significantly differentially expressed mRNA (Padj < 0.05) were split into those that contain AREs and those that do not (non-ARE) and displayed as a dot plot. Medians with interquartile ranges are displayed. Statistical significance was determined by Mann–Whitney t test in Graph prism and P value displayed in graph ****(P < 0.0001). B Same as A but with samples with different severity levels of COVID-19: Upper panel, fractions of ARE-containing mRNAs within the overexpressed and under-expressed groups of mRNAs in blood cells of patients with four different levels of symptom severity; from least severe OXY0 to most severe TUBE late. Lower panel, Log2 Fold Change of ARE- and non-ARE mRNA levels in infected versus healthy samples is displayed in a dot plot. C The difference between medians of the Log2 Fold Change of ARE-mRNA and non-ARE mRNA in the indicated COVID-19 severity levels are displayed D Volcano plots, Log2 Fold Change against Log10 of adjusted P value of the differentially expressed ARE-mRNAs in the mild COVID19 samples OXY0 and OXY1. The names of most significantly differentially expressed mRNA are depicted