Fig. 12

Validation of regulon activity tendency. A Diffusion map trajectory inference based on gene expression. The upper-right trajectory plot indicates the direction of pseudotime. B Cell distribution based on the pseudotime coordinates (Fig. 10A). The x-axis is the pseudotime and the y-axis represents the osteoblast subtypes. C Diffusion map trajectory inference based on regulon activity. The upper-right trajectory plot indicates the direction of pseudotime. D Cell distribution based on the pseudotime coordinates in (Fig. 10C). The x-axis is pseudotime and the y-axis represents osteoblast subtypes. E Monocle trajectory heatmap of CREM, FOSL2, FOXC2, RUNX2, and CREB3L1 regulons. F Diffusion map trajectory heatmap of CREM, FOSL2, FOXC2, RUNX2, and CREB3L1 regulons. G Immunity and cell proliferation/differentiation-related target genes’ average expression in CREM regulon. H Immunity and cell proliferation/differentiation-related target genes’ average expression in FOSL2 regulon. I MSC differentiation-related target genes’ average expression in FOXC2 regulon. J Average expression of all target genes in RUNX2 regulon. K Skeletal system development-related target genes’ average expression in CREB3L1 regulon. L Expression of CREM, FOSL2, FOXC2, RUNX2, and CREB3L1 genes during osteogenic differentiation process in vitro. M Pseudotime heatmap of Lepr, Vcam1, Runx2 and Bglap during osteogenic differentiation in vivo on mouse. Pixel color indicates expression levels. N Immunity and cell proliferation/differentiation-related target genes’ average expression in Crem regulon. O Immunity and cell proliferation/differentiation-related target genes’ average expression in Fosl2 regulon. P MSC differentiation-related target genes’ average expression in Foxc2 regulon. Q Skeletal system development-related target genes’ average expression in Runx2 regulon. R Skeletal system development-related target genes’ average expression in Creb3l1 regulon. S Pseudotime heatmap of Crem, Fosl2, Foxc2, Runx2, and Creb3l1 genes during osteogenic differentiation in vivo on mouse. Pixel color indicates the expression levels