Table 1 Characteristics of mothers and newborns
Characteristics | Mean ± SD or n (%) |
|---|---|
Maternal characteristics | |
 Maternal age (years) | 32.1 ± 4.2 |
  Advanced maternal age (≥ 35) | 47 (31.5) |
 Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m2) | 21.89 ± 3.73 |
  Lean (< 18.5) | 14 (9.4) |
 Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 12.5 ± 0.9 |
  Anemia (< 11.5) | 16 (10.7) |
 Folic acid supplementation during pregnancy (Yes) | 99 (66.4) |
 Exercise habit during pregnancy (Yes) | 77 (51.7) |
 Ex-smoking (Yes) | 34 (22.8) |
 Passive smoking in the past 1 year (Yes) | 59 (39.6) |
 History of fertility care (Yes) | 21 (14.1) |
 History of hypertension (Yes) | 3 (2.0) |
 History of diabetes (Yes) | 3 (2.0) |
Neonatal outcomes | |
 Sex, male | 82 (54.7) |
 Gestational age (weeks) | 39.2 ± 1.4 |
 Birth weight (g) | 3058.9 ± 400.7 |
  Low birth weight (< 2500) | 13 (8.7) |
 Height (cm) | 49.6 ± 2.2 |
 Head circumference (cm) | 33.4 ± 1.5 |
 Chest circumference (cm) | 31.8 ± 1.7 |
 Placental weight (g) | 552.7 ± 93.2 |
 Umbilical cord length (cm) | 55.5 ± 10.9 |
 Umbilical cord artery blood pH | 7.31 ± 0.08 |